Category:Earth Observations
- Observe!
- Planetary Awareness 🌎 www.planetaryawareness.org
2022
Earth Science Research from Space
SJS / GreenPolicy360 Siterunner:
Planetary Awareness
Beginning in December 1968 with Earthrise and continuing thru 1972 with the Apollo mission's last human-taken Whole Earth image, humanity's vision of our place in the universe as 'voyagers' in space has begun to shift our common understandings of who we are.
We are beginning to realize we are fellow travelers on Spaceship Earth, our Home Planet, and together we are reshaping the future of life on Earth, for good and bad. In many ways, we now facing existential questions that require 'new ways of seeing'. The Environmental movement is @ work today to improve our quality of life and to create a healthy, sustainable future for generations to come. Earth Observations are key to understanding our planet's changing, living systems, earth science and acting with wisdom as "Planet Citizens".
Explore Earth Right Now and follow Earth Science Research from Space...
GreenPolicy360 is envisioning New Definitions of National Security and, as Planet Citizens within a global green movement, we are communicating in a new era of information technology capable of reaching and engaging nearly all on Earth.
Look at how thin our atmosphere is
Protect & Secure "Thin Blue"
Ron Merkord / Caltech:
January 2021
If you were to look at our planet with infrared eyes, rather than in the visible spectrum that we're used to, you'd see a darkening layer covering the planet, as the carbon dioxide levels in our atmosphere reach 50% higher than they should be.
It's kind of like putting ink in a pool. It doesn't take much to turn the whole pool dark. Our CO2 emissions from our burning of fossil fuels is turning our atmosphere dark to infrared light, causing the greenhouse effect that is warming our planet, and melting the ice.
British Met Office, recalling the beginning of the industrial revolution and British history
In 2021, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will reach levels 50% higher than before the industrial revolution, due to human-caused emissions, says a Met Office forecast.
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Planet Earth / Big Picture News
- • EarthPOV
Climate crisis: Satellites to monitor air pollution
(May 2019) Air pollution monitoring revolutionised with the launch of a new satellite system
Tracking damaging greenhouse gas emissions coming from every large power station in the world in real time
• https://finance.yahoo.com/news/climate-crisis-satellites-monitor-air-155129758.html
“Emerging AI remote sensing techniques (intend) to hold every powerful polluter worldwide accountable ... better data ... puts most companies, governments, and environmentalists on the same side ... responsible, forward-thinking groups have started using advanced data to voluntarily slash emissions....”
The system promises far greater accuracy and detailed emissions data for each power station, effectively reducing barriers to insight into the impacts of power generation, ensure accurate emissions data and bring new opportunities to hold companies to account.
The satellite network will observe the power plants from space, while AI technology will use the image processing algorithms to detect signs of power plant emissions.
- ··············································································
OCO-3 News Coverage Should Have Been of a Globally Important Event
OCO-3 arrives at the International Space Station to begin its earth science-space mission. There's little to find in Media coverage on its real-world importance whether on Google News, Bing Search, Yahoo, Duck Duck Go, pick your international news sources...
Yet, in fact and substance, the science of OCO-3 is critically important. Earth Science. Measuring CO2. JPL-Caltech/NASA, scientific inquiry at its best. Essential data and baseline information critical for informed policy and decision-making (yet President Donald Trump tried to kill the launch of OCO-3 and related US FY2018 missions to measure and monitor CO2).
A global security story... National security... Existential threats ...
OCO-3 Arrives at the International Space Station
(Interview at JPL courtesy of the LA Times)
OCO-3 was built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in La Cañada Flintridge for less than $100 million, using parts left over from its predecessor, OCO-2. Once the carbon observatory gets to the ISS, a robotic arm will mount it on the underside of the space station so it can keep a close eye on the carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere.
That will help scientists answer questions about how and why levels of the greenhouse gas fluctuate over days, months and years.
“Our goal is to get really good data so we can make informed decisions about how to manage carbon and carbon emissions in the future,” said Annmarie Eldering, the mission’s project scientist at JPL.
Carbon dioxide makes up a tiny fraction of the molecules in our atmosphere — roughly 400 parts per million. But seemingly small changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have an outsized effect on the planet’s temperature.
“Carbon is really effective at trapping heat,” Eldering said. “Even changing the ratio from 300 parts per million to 400 parts per million makes a big difference.”
OCO-3 is so sensitive that it can detect changes as small as 1 part per million. So if CO2 levels go from 406 ppm one day to 407 ppm the next, the space-based observatory will record the increase.
- ···················································································
- Detecting methane from space
- "There has been quite a buzz around this unique advancement in space, and the valuable data it will provide on methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that accounts for a quarter of the warming our planet is experiencing today. Curbing anthropogenic methane emissions is one of the most efficient and economical options available to slow the rate of warming over the next few decades, while efforts continue to reduce CO2 emissions worldwide."
- The Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) is planning to be the first environmental group to send its own satellite into space.
- “We need good solid data so that we really can support global action on climate change, and we’ve got to do it fast,” says Steven Hamburg, the EDF’s chief scientist.
- The most detailed measurements currently available of atmospheric methane concentrations currently come from a sensor aboard the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-5P spacecraft, which launched in October 2017. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument provides global coverage at a resolution of nearly 50 square kilometres, but those measurements do not capture the dispersed sources of emissions from oil and gas fields.
- Commercial firms have developed high-resolution sensors that can be placed aboard 10-centimetre-sided CubeSats to measure emissions from individual wells or other facilities. Those data are proprietary, however, and the measurements cannot be scaled up to the level of an entire oil and gas field.
- The Environmental Defense Fund team is designing MethaneSAT to provide more-precise measurements, at a resolution of 1 square kilometre, with global coverage at least once a week.
- ························································
- On the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 8 launch
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/File:Apollo.jpg
• http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20181220-the-nasa-mission-that-broadcast-to-a-billion-people
• https://qz.com/1501935/photos-apollo-8-brought-us-the-moon-as-never-seen-before/amp/
• https://petapixel.com/2018/12/20/how-nasas-iconic-earthrise-photo-was-shot/
🌎
New Earth Science Decadel Survey Released
Thriving on Our Changing Planet (PDF)
First Full Disk Image from GOES-17 / Click for Whole Earth View
"Vital Signs": Monitoring the Earth's Life Enabling Systems
Looking Back as We Turn from 2017 to a New Year
"This year has been an unequivocal disaster for the future of the planet. President Donald Trump has managed to take a wrecking ball to years' worth of hard work and painstaking negotiations. If not undone, our retreat from the Paris Climate Accords and the EPA's Clean Power Plan alone mean our planet's temperature will rise at a greater rate and our citizen's health will degrade. Other changes in environmental regulations on drilling and auto and appliance efficiency will only make matters worse."
Perhaps the thing that worries me the most is the massive deforestation underway in areas like Asia and Latin America. Countless trees and millions of square miles of jungle and forest have been removed to accommodate our desires for more -- more wood, more farmland, more pasture, more meat.
When I first looked down upon the Amazon rainforest in 2001, I saw vast areas of jungle and a wide and winding copper colored river that went on and on and on. A river that was impossible to miss and like no other on the planet. By 2011, however, the part that was most noticeable wasn't the river or the jungle but the large swaths of empty land.
From space, it looks empty because we are far away. We don't see the crops or the cattle but we do see the loss. We see the loss of an incredibly diverse ecosystem that once held endless possibilities for new medicines and other discoveries.
We see the loss of a home for so many species that will now have to learn to adapt and survive somewhere else -- or not. And we see the loss of a large amount of carbon, sequestered in a living and breathing ecosystem which created massive amounts of oxygen for all of us.
That carbon, once the giver of life to millions of species all over our planet, now has a new role: greenhouse gas. It will sit in our atmosphere as CO and CO2 for millennia, but in this case as an invisible blanket, warming our planet, changing our climate and creating a cataclysmic mess for future generations.
-- By Mark Kelly / Updated 4:20 PM ET, Wed December 27, 2017
························································································
How Satellite Imagery Is Transforming Earth Science, Regional, National & Global Security
"Planetary Health": New methods, new analytical approaches to data collected from earth-facing observation platforms
“High-resolution earth imagery sources, beyond historic US/NASA/NOAA/ESA research from space, represent rich new troves of information...” says David Johnston of Duke University’s Nicholas School of the Environment. Johnson and his co-authors embrace satellite imagery “as a legitimate data source that can supplement and even supplant traditional methods.”
The rapidly growing abundance and sophistication of satellite imagery and remote sensing data is about to change (the scientific fields of earth science)... thanks to a profusion of startup companies, including Planet, DigitalGlobe, Skybox Imaging (later purchased by Google and renamed Terra Bella), Urthecast, and LAND INFO Worldwide Mapping.
New Space | Planet API |
Democratization of Space
NASA Challenges the Public to Join In
GreenPolicy360 / Virtual Earth Mapping
The technology will prove useful for monitoring commitments made by nations under REDD (the program to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) as well as under the Paris climate accord and the Convention on Biological Diversity...
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:INDC
• https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Security
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Rising Threats to National and Global Security
US Retreats from Global Stage, Moves Backwards Under Current White House
The 'Trump Doctrine', a Legacy in the Making
Time to Act as the US President says No to the Global Community and No to the International Climate Agreement
Better Climate Observation Needed
Former NOAA Chief Scientist Warns of Threats to Science
Scientists Fear Climate Data Gap as Trump Aims at Satellites
18 NASA Earth Science Missions in Space
2017 / Updates
Via Scientific American
Ageing Satellites Put Crucial Sea Ice Climate Record at Risk
Track Earth Science Missions, the Politics of Earth Science from Space, and Global/National Security
US Politics and Earth Science Research from Space
Trump Administration Budget Undercuts "Earth Science" at NASA
- Vital Security Programs Cut / OCO-3 Mission to Study CO2 in Atmosphere Eliminated
The proposed NASA budget targets the agency’s work on environmental science, cutting funding for Earth science research grants. The cuts would go further by eliminating several missions that are in development, including PACE (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem), which is intended to monitor and provide baseline data of the Earth’s ocean and their health; the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3, or OCO-3, an instrument to precisely monitor the carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, continuing the unique work of OCO-2; and the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory, or CLARREO, pathfinder, which is to use a solar spectrometer to produce highly accurate climate projections.
Protecting "The Commons", the "Thin Blue Layer", the Global Atmosphere
Look at how thin our atmosphere is...
Baseline Data and the Damage of Interruptions in Baseline Data
- ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
New Definitions of National Security
"New Definitions of National Security"
- A Project of GreenPolicy360 and Strategic Demands
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Space 'Macroscope', Earth Science
Yale Environment 360 / by Richard Conniff / June 2017
Google, Earth Observations, Earth Science
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
*The Critical Importance of "EarthScience360" from Space
GreenPolicy360: The election of Donald Trump as US president delivers immediate crisis and a turning point. The president-elect's statements that climate change is a 'hoax' and environmental policies and programs, including NASA 'Earth Sciences', are impediments that need to be ended now assures tumult and a new level of threat to national and global security. Announced administration appointees, as of November 2016, and recent Congressional threats to deeply cut environmental protection and NASA 'Earth Science' budgets are warning signs of coming showdowns over the direction of the nation and the nation's priorities.
NASA scientists responsible for vital programs have been reluctant to speak publicly since the election but one anonymous NASA scientist is among the first to write online about the value of earth science research from space.
Anon: "We are the largest combined organization of scientists and engineers in the world dedicated to space-based observations of Earth, the Solar System, and the Universe. A huge part of our mission is to design and fabricate Earth-viewing satellites that track long-term changes in topography and climate. These satellites ensure that we have the most complete set of data available to not only predict how humanity's impacts will affect the Earth, but also understand how we can prepare and protect those most vulnerable to climate change and rising sea levels. As an example of our impact on the daily lives of people around the world, one of the satellites I previously worked on, Global Precipitation Measurement, is currently in Earth orbit tracking extreme weather events. Its data allows meteorologists to improve their forecasts of where hurricanes will strike and how intense they will be, as well as to identify the areas that are most prone to floods and landslides, so that we can give advanced warnings to those affected. This is just one of dozens of major Earth-observing satellites that NASA manages everyday.
"Today, we were shocked to hear of Trump's plan to scrap NASA's climate change research as part of a crack down on "politicized science". Among the scientific community, climate change is no more "politicized science" than the theory of gravity is. While his crackdown would mean that thousands of scientists and engineers at NASA Goddard would lose their livelihoods, it represents an even greater loss for the world. Without data continuity in our Earth observations, we will be blind to the ravages of climate change: to the deluges and droughts that might devastate crops, to the extreme weather events that destroy communities as the Earth continues to warm. We will not be able to develop the solutions that can prevent Earth's temperatures from rising to catastrophic levels. I urge you to implore your Congressional Representatives to not allow Trump's plan to happen. We cannot sit on the sidelines over the next four years: our future on this planet is at stake."
Follow the Action (of anti-science forces) as the US Congress Looks to Block Earth Science
Under Trump, Will NASA’s Space Science Include Planet Earth?
- -- By Andrew C. Revkin / November 28, 2016 / Dot Earth
December 14, 2016
Speaking directly to threats to the value of earth science and earth science research from space, Governor Brown addressed the American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting in California. The AGU annual gathering is the largest Earth and space science meeting in the world.
The AGU is an international scientific society that describes itself as "dedicated to promoting discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity."
Jerry Brown:
"We got the scientists. We got the lawyers. And we're ready to fight. We're ready to defend. And California is no stranger to this fight...
"California is the future. We are pioneering space...
"Now some people say they're going to turn off the satellites that are monitoring the climate... low-earth phenomena, the LANDSAT and all the various measuring satellites that we have...
"Well, I remember back in 1978 I proposed a LANDSAT satellite for California. They called me 'Governor Moonbeam' because of that. I didn't get that moniker for nothing.
"And if Trump turns off the satellites, California will launch its own (d-mn) satellites!"
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Satellites Launched to Monitor Planet Change
- NASA Earth Science Missions - https://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/current-missions
- ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Earth Science, Ocean Science
- Studying Sea-Level Rise from Space
- Jason-3 Successfully Launched into Orbit --- Follow Jason Online
- Vital Signs
I am OCO-2 -- 'Reporting Home'
Visit the Orbiting Carbon Observatory
Climate deniers blame global warming on nature. NASA data begs to differ
Visit NASA's Earth Science News
"Vital Signs of the Planet"
Critical Missions to Monitor Earth's Systems from Space -- http://climate.nasa.gov/
- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Climate_News | Climate News
- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Observations | Earth Observations
- https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Security | Environmental Security
- Democratization of Space | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Democratization_of_Space
- Earth Imaging-New Space | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Imaging-New_Space
- Earth Right Now | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Right_Now
Earth Science Research from Space
- Earth Science Vital Signs | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Earth_Science_Vital_Signs
- Landsat Data Users Handbook | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Landsat_data_users_handbook
- Micro-satellites | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Micro-satellites
"New Definitions of National Security"
- New Space | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Space
- Planet Labs Doves Fly | https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Planet_Labs_Doves_Fly
- Thin Blue Layer | http://www.thinbluelayer.com
- Earth Observations - https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Observations
- Earth Science - https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Earth_Science
- Climate Change - https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Climate_Change
- Global Security - https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Global_Security
|
|
- ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
NASA/NOAA Earth Observing Satellite Updates
How satellites are used to monitor climate change
Satellites in operation (2016) that are adding to scientists’ understanding of climate change
https://www.carbonbrief.org/interactive-satellites-used-monitor-climate-change
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Jason-3 Mission -- Jason-3 -- Launched Jan 17, 2016
Ocean circulation patterns, global and regional changes in sea level, and climate implications of a warming world
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
"Watch 25 years of Arctic Sea Ice disappear"
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
https://www.pinterest.com/stratdem/
https://strategicdemands.com/another-view-of-thin-blue/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/New_Definitions_of_National_Security
https://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Category:Environmental_Security
○
Latest from the Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) at NASA Langley Research Center
NASA Earth science data in the areas of radiation budget, clouds, aerosols, and tropospheric chemistry
https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/ --- https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/projects-supported
April 2015
A Successful Era in Climate Science
Calipso - Ten Years in Space (and Flying with the 'A-Train')
Since its launch in 2006, CALIPSO has orbited the Earth tirelessly, using its lasers to take more than 5.7 billion lidar (light detection and ranging) measurements probing the vertical structure and properties of clouds and other particles — such as dust, sea salt, ash and soot — in the air.
For atmospheric scientists, the ability to regularly and accurately examine clouds and particles at different heights was something new. Gathering that data over such a long time period has contributed to a scientific bonanza.
Also, scientists are able to combine CALIPSO’s measurements with those of other Earth-observing satellites circling the globe in a cooperative path called the A-Train constellation. CALIPSO and CloudSat, a satellite containing a cloud-profiling radar, launched together on a Delta II rocket, now fly in formation with satellites named Aqua, Aura, Global Change Observation Mission-Water (GCOM-W) and Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)-2.
Combining measurements from these A-Train satellites offers a clearer view of what’s happening in the atmosphere.
“CALIPSO, in complement with the other instruments flying in the A-Train, has provided observations in areas that had never been observed before,” said Pierre Tabary, program manager for atmosphere, meteorology and climate for CNES, the French space agency.
He said scientists have gained knowledge about clouds, and their impact on incoming solar radiation, as well as on infrared radiation coming from the Earth’s surface, known as the greenhouse effect.
“There were no other instruments providing such observations before,” Tabary said. “All those data have been used to improve our understanding of how climate works.”
More than 1,600 scientific and technical reports and published research papers have used CALIPSO data. The data are widely cited in reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", Tabary said, "a clear demonstration of what CALIPSO has brought to climate science."
Read More about the 'A-Train'
A convoy of "A-Train" satellites has emerged as one of the most powerful tools scientists have for understanding our planet's changing climate...
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/a-train/a-train.html
https://www.nasa.gov/content/a-train
○
From Above We See Our Planet High Definition Video, from NASA
March 2015
One of the many critical NASA earth science missions from space reports:
https://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo2388.html
https://www.ig.utexas.edu/research/projects/icecap/
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/icebridge/
○
Sneak Peek at the DSCOVR Mission: Earth pix daily from a million miles
- DSCOVR is launched and on its way!
February 12, 2015 The DSCOVR satellite with its EPIC cam, PlasMag & NISTAR instrument package is on the way... a million mile journey, scheduled to light up, be tested and begin delivering data to Earth in August, including near-real-time imaging of Earth provided online – We will be delivering a stream of amazing imagery of our planet as NASA/NOAA begin uploading EPICs pictures of us!
○
It's been some time since December 7, 1972 when the only picture ever snapped by a human of the whole earth was captured -- our iconic "Blue Marble" -- Engineers that they are, NASA named the image -- AS17-148-22727
As we have been recalling the history, we haven't had returned to us a 'whole earth' image since 1972. Today, Feb 10, the Associated Press reports Sen. Bill Nelson, D-Florida, pointing out from Washington that there hasn't been a full, sunlit picture of the Earth since Apollo 17 in 1972 - NASA's last manned moon-landing mission. Subsequent images have been stitched together, the Senator explained, for composite shots. The Senator has an exceptional point of view as he was an astronaut -- In January 1986, Nelson spent six days orbiting Earth as a payload specialist aboard space shuttle Columbia. His NASA bio adds "The experience gave him a new perspective on the Earth’s fragile environment and a greater appreciation of the importance of our nation’s space exploration program."
The DSCOVR satellite launches into deep orbit with multiple missions -- to monitor space weather and, due to the satellite's orbital distance from Earth (1 mil miles), DSCOVR will be sending back daily images of the 'whole earth' via its EPIC image-taking system and via its NISTAR system measuring earth's earth's temperature, our "radiation balance" ("albedo").
○ ○ ○ ○
- ISS mission to monitor #planethome
[[
- Time to measure earth soil moisture content -- SMAP
January 2015
Launching Jan 29, 2015 to "measure the moisture in Earth's soils with unprecedented accuracy and resolution.
○ ○ ○ ○
- Existential -- Monitoring "vital signs", scientific observations over time, a baseline of planet Earth
NASA OCO Satellite Sends Back Most Detailed CO2 View Ever
Initial round of CO2 data is released...
First full set of CO2 data made available in March 2015 for scientists and public to download and explore.
More on the history-making OCO-2 / Orbiting Carbon Observatory
According to JPL scientists: "Where OCO-2 really excels is the sheer amount of data being collected within a day, about one million measurements across a narrow swath... For fluorescence, this enables us, for the first time, to look at features on the five- to 10-kilometer scale on a daily basis." SIF can be measured even through moderately thick clouds, so it will be especially useful in understanding regions like the Amazon where cloud cover thwarts most spaceborne observations."
The changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide that OCO-2 seeks to measure are so small that the mission must take unusual precautions to ensure the instrument is free of errors. For that reason, the spacecraft was designed so that it can make an extra maneuver. In addition to gathering a straight line of data like a lawnmower swath, the instrument can point at a single target on the ground for a total of seven minutes as it passes overhead. That requires the spacecraft to turn sideways and make a half cartwheel to keep the target in its sights.
The targets OCO-2 uses are stations in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), a collaborative effort of multiple international institutions. TCCON has been collecting carbon dioxide data for about five years, and its measurements are fully calibrated and extremely accurate. At the same time that OCO-2 targets a TCCON site, a ground-based instrument at the site makes the same measurement. The extent to which the two measurements agree indicates how well calibrated the OCO-2 sensors are.
Additional maps released recently showed the results of these targeting maneuvers over two TCCON sites in California and one in Australia. "Early results are very promising," said Paul Wennberg, a professor at Caltech and head of the TCCON network. "Over the next few months, the team will refine the OCO-2 data, and we anticipate that these comparisons will continue to improve."
More about the OCO-2 mission, making history as it reveals the extent of atmospheric CO2
○ ○ ○ ○
- Tracking ocean currents, 'best-ever data
November 2014
Scientists produce "the most accurate space view yet of global ocean currents and the speed they move..."
https://www.greenpolicy360.net/mw/images/Ocean_currents_from_GOCE_20141125-jpg.jpg
○ ○ ○ ○
New NASA ERA
Sept 08, 2014 - NASA opens a new era in its exploration of our home planet with the launch of the first in a series of Earth science instruments to the International Space Station, Earth-observing instruments to be mounted on the exterior of the #ISS. ISS-RapidScat will monitor ocean winds for climate research, weather predictions and hurricane monitoring. The second instrument is the Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS), a laser instrument that will measure clouds and the location and distribution of pollution, dust, smoke, and other particulates in the atmosphere. Look closer at the array of instruments #RapidScat #EarthRightNow
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Ice impacts of Climate Change -- Arctic/Antarctic
The Antarctic: Big Melt Accelerates
The Antarctic: Big Melt Accelerates - Cryosat - Greenland
Antarctica's Flowing Ice - Antarctica
○
The Arctic Ice Is Melting: Why?
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C4Lj3gcWIAE6dqF.jpg
Permafrost Loss, Potential Impacts, Time to Measure
2016
https://nsidc.org/sites/nsidc.org/files/images/cryosphere/fig1.gif
Scientists estimate that five times as much carbon might be stored in frozen Arctic soils — permafrost — as has been emitted by all human activities since 1850. This worries people who study global warming. While emissions from permafrost currently account for less than 1 percent of global methane emissions, some researchers think this could change in dramatic ways as the world warms and that carbon-rich frozen soil breaks down.
The map above, based on data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center, shows the extent of Arctic permafrost. Any rock or soil remaining at or below 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) for two or more years is considered permafrost.
Continuous permafrost, which occurs in the coldest areas, refers to areas where frozen soil underlies more than 90 percent of the surface. Discontinuous permafrost occurs in slightly warmer areas, where frozen soils underlie 50 to 90 percent of the surface, while certain features such as rivers and south-facing slopes may be ice-free. In areas with sporadic permafrost, frozen soils underlie 10 to 50 percent of the surface. In areas with isolated permafrost, frozen soils underlie less than 10 percent of the surface, usually only occurring in depressions or north-facing slopes.
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=87794&eocn=home&eoci=iotd_title
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
November 2015
As Earth Warms, NASA Targets 'Other Half' of Carbon, Climate Equation
Permafrost Threatened
https://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=4400
Using statistically modeled maps drawn from satellite data and other sources, U.S. Geological Survey scientists have projected that the near-surface permafrost that presently underlies 38 percent of boreal and arctic Alaska would be reduced by 16 to 24 percent by the end of the 21st century under widely accepted climate scenarios. Permafrost declines are more likely in central Alaska than northern Alaska.
Northern latitude tundra and boreal forests are experiencing an accelerated warming trend that is greater than in other parts of the world. This warming trend degrades permafrost, defined as ground that stays below freezing for at least two consecutive years. Some of the adverse impacts of melting permafrost are changing pathways of ground and surface water, interruptions of regional transportation, and the release to the atmosphere of previously stored carbon.
“A warming climate is affecting the Arctic in the most complex ways,” said Virginia Burkett, USGS Associate Director for Climate and Land Use Change. “Understanding the current distribution of permafrost and estimating where it is likely to disappear are key factors in predicting the future responses of northern ecosystems to climate change.”
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra
A severe threat to tundra is global warming, which causes permafrost to melt. The melting of the permafrost in a given area on human time scales (decades or centuries) could radically change which species can survive there.
Another concern is that about one third of the world's soil-bound carbon is in taiga and tundra areas. When the permafrost melts, it releases carbon in the form of carbon dioxide and methane, both of which are greenhouse gases. The effect has been observed in Alaska. In the 1970s the tundra was a carbon sink, but today, it is a carbon source. Methane is produced when vegetation decays in lakes and wetlands.
The amount of greenhouse gases which will be released under projected scenarios for global warming have not been reliably quantified by scientific studies, although a few studies were reported to be underway in 2011. It is uncertain whether the impact of increased greenhouse gases from this source will be minimal or massive.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogenesis -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
A self-reinforcing positive feedback loop is akin to a "vicious circle": It accelerates the impacts of anthropogenic climate disruption (ACD). An example would be methane releases in the Arctic. Massive amounts of methane are currently locked in the permafrost, which is now melting rapidly. As the permafrost melts, methane - a greenhouse gas 100 times more potent than carbon dioxide on a short timescale - is released into the atmosphere, warming it further, which in turn causes more permafrost to melt, and so on...
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Predicted rate of temperature change in Arctic
Arctic temperatures are expected to increase at roughly twice the global rate. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will in their fifth report establish scenarios for the future, where the temperature in the Arctic will rise between 1.5 and 2.5°C by 2040 and with 2 to 7.5°C by 2100. Estimates vary on how many tons of greenhouse gases are emitted from thawed permafrost soils. One estimate suggests that 110-231 billion tons of CO2 equivalents (about half from carbon dioxide and the other half from methane) will be emitted by 2040, and 850-1400 billion tons by 2100. This corresponds to an average annual emission rate of 4-8 billion tons of CO2 equivalents in the period 2011-2040 and annually 10-16 billion tons of CO2 equivalents in the period 2011-2100 as a result of thawing permafrost. For comparison, the anthropogenic emission of all greenhouse gases in 2010 is approximately 48 billion tons of CO2 equivalents. Release of greenhouse gases from thawed permafrost to the atmosphere may increase global warming.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permafrost#Carbon_cycle_in_permafrost
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Additional References re: Permafrost Science
Oct 2015 / Via Berkeley Lab -- A Simpler Way to Estimate the Feedback Between Permafrost Carbon and Climate
Simplified, data-constrained approach to estimate the permafrost carbon–climate feedback
Via University of Cambridge -- Analysis of the effects of melting permafrost in the Arctic points to $43 trillion in extra economic damage by the end of the next century, on top of the more than the $300 trillion economic damage already predicted
Alaska's Stirring Permafrost -- https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/pdf_archive/cape_halkett_4web.pdf
○
○
Much Ado About Methane (2012 / RealClimate.org ... methane-climate background and projections)
https://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2012/01/much-ado-about-methane/
··································
Watching the Ice Melt
Doubling-of-antarctic-ice-loss-revealed-by-european-satellite
Melting / New assessments of impacts of global warming come from Europe's Cryosat spacecraft.
The CryoSat is part of the Living Planet Programme [1] / [2] [3] / [4] of the European Space Agency / ESA
Cooperative earth monitoring science between US-Europe ...
More data re ice melt-GRACE/US-NASA / [5] GRACE
··································································
Earth Observing System satellites -- ESA Earth monitoring from Space
Earth-observing satellites for earth system monitoring include:
The European Space Agency (ESA) "Living Planet Programme" managed by Earth Observation Programmes - [6]
- GOCE – Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer - launched on March 17, 2009 - [7]
- SMOS – Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite - studying ocean salinity and soil moisture; launched in 2 November 2009 - [8]
- CryoSat is designed to map the Earth's ice cover. CryoSat-1 was lost in 2005. CryoSat-2 was launched 8 April 2010 - [9]
- Swarm – is a trio of satellites to map the Earth's magnetism. The SWARM constellation was launched successfully on 22 November 2013 - [10]
- Aeolus – Atmospheric Dynamics Mission will use an innovative laser to measure winds. Due for launch in 2015 - [11]
- EarthCARE – Earth Clouds Aerosols and Radiation Explorer will examine the formation and effects of clouds. Due for launch in 2016 - [12]
- BIOMASS is designed to calculate the amount of carbon stored in the world's forests, and to monitor for any changes over the course of its five-year mission. Due to launch in 2020 - [13]
··································································
The European Space Agency's mission:
To benefit citizens "asking for a better quality of life on earth... for greater security and economic wealth... to pursue dreams, to increase knowledge... for younger people to be attracted to the pursuit of science and technology... ESA's purpose shall be to provide for, and to promote, for exclusively peaceful purposes, cooperation in space research and technology and space applications, with a view to their being used for scientific purposes..."
··································································
New Space, "democratization of space", start-up ventures, #EarthScience #MicroSats #OpenSource Data
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
- ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
"It's All Connected": Small to Large"
- The Oceans, 70% of the Earth's Surface
Ocean Food Chain -- Ocean Ecosystems / #OceanScience
Phytoplankton... Diatoms... Oxygen Creators, CO2 Digesters... Zooplankton, Food-of-the-Seas
Plankton Swirl -- Climate Dance
Phytoplankton Oxygen Factories in the Southern Ocean
NASA Earth Observatory
Phytoplankton are essential ecosystems of the seas. They are floating, drifting, plant-like organisms that harness the energy of the Sun, mix it with carbon dioxide that they take up from the atmosphere, and turn it into carbohydrates and oxygen.
Scientific estimates speak of approximately half the oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere being the result of plankton photosynthesis and phytoplankton are critical to the marine food web, being the primary producers of food in the oceans, from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish and shellfish to whales.
Like plants and trees on land, "phytoplankton give us a lot more than food". Whether the current science estimates that 50 or 80 percent of the oxygen in our atmosphere has been produced by phytoplankton, the health of the blue-green ocean life is essential for sustainable ocean ecosystems. The tiniest of living organisms exert an outsized influence on the planet.
https://eoimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/87000/87465/sepacific_vir_2016013.jpg
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Phytoplankton rapidly disappearing
Loss of mini marine plants at base of food web threatens sea’s ecology
A rapid loss of phytoplankton threatens to turn the western Indian Ocean into an “ecological desert,” a new study warns. The research reveals that phytoplankton populations in the region fell an alarming 30 percent over the last 16 years.
A decline in ocean mixing due to warming surface waters is to blame for that phytoplankton plummet, researchers propose online January 19 in Geophysical Research Letters. The mixing of the ocean’s layers ferries phytoplankton nutrients from the ocean’s dark depths up into the sunlit layers that the mini plants inhabit.
The loss of these microbes, which form the foundation of the ocean food web, may undermine the region’s ecosystem, warns study coauthor Raghu Murtugudde, an oceanographer at the University of Maryland in College Park.
“If you reduce the bottom of the food chain, it’s going to cascade...”
Blue-Green in the Oceans & Connection to Life on Earth
- "A single kind of blue-green algae in the ocean produces the oxygen in one of every five breaths we take"
- ~ from "The World Is Blue: How Our Fate and the Ocean’s Are One" by Sylvia Earle / National Geographic
Tiny Blue-Green
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
Our Time Is Now
Planet Citizen / Planet Citizens
- #Earth360 | #EarthImaging | #EarthMonitoring |
- #EarthObservations | #EarthScience
- #Earth360 | #EarthImaging | #EarthMonitoring |
- New Ways of Seeing Our World
○
Subcategories
This category has the following 16 subcategories, out of 16 total.
A
C
D
E
F
G
N
P
S
W
Pages in category "Earth Observations"
The following 176 pages are in this category, out of 176 total.
3
A
C
- C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group
- Carbon Brief
- Citizen Science
- Clearcutting
- Climate Change - Global Warming Keyword-Terms
- Climate Change Denier Talking Points -- and Rebuttals
- Climate Change Summit Paris
- Climate Conference - Paris 2015
- Climate Desk
- Climate Law Blog @Columbia Law School
- Climate migration
- Climate News
- Climate News Events Archive ... 1970 to Today
- Climate Plans Enforcement - Resources
- Climate Problems, Climate Solutions
- Copernicus EU
- Creatively Green
D
E
- Each of us can make a positive difference
- Earth
- Earth and Space, Politics
- Earth Day
- Earth Day 2020
- Earth Day Memories on the 50th Anniversary
- Earth Day Summit - April 22 2021
- Earth from NASA
- Earth Imaging-New Space
- Earth Observation Portal
- Earth Right Now
- Earth Science
- Earth Science Eco-Fields
- Earth Science Research from Space
- Earth Science Vital Signs
- EarthPOV
- Earthrise
- EarthTime
- Earthviews
- Earthviews from Astronauts
- Eco-nomics
- Ecolivia
- Environmental agreements
- Environmental full-cost accounting
- Environmental Rules Rolled Back
- Environmental Security Organizations
- EOS eco Operating System
- ESA Living Planet Announcement - May 2022
- Ethics and Climate Change
- European Union Green Deal - Fit for 55
- Extinction
- ExxonMobil and US House Science Committee v US Attorneys General and Environmental Groups
F
G
- Generation Green
- Geoengineering
- George E. Brown Jr
- Glasgow Climate Summit - Pledges, Promises, Declarations - What's Next Up
- Global Citizen
- Global Climate Action Summit
- Global Fishing Watch
- Global Forest Watch
- Global Risks Report
- Going Green: Texas v. Pennsylvania
- Google Earth
- Google Earth Timelapse
- GP360 NewPages
- Green Bank in Maryland - and More
- Green Politics 360
- Green Politics with GreenPolicy360
- Green Quotes
- Green Stories of the Day
- Green Stories of the Day - GreenPolicy360 Archive
- GreenAction
- Greening Our Blue Planet
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2013
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2014
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2015
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2016
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2017
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2018
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2019
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2020
- GreenPolicy360 Archive Highlights 2023
- GreenPolicy360 Highlights
- Ground Truth
I
L
N
O
P
- Pale blue dot
- Paris climate change conference, Dec12, 2015 report from Rebecca Solnit
- PeoplesClimateMarch
- Permaculture Green Practices
- Permafrost
- Pictures from ISS
- Planet API
- Planet Citizen Action
- Planet Citizen Vision of Living Earth
- Planet Citizens
- Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
- Planet Earth Perspective
- Planet Labs Doves Fly
- Planet of the Humans, a documentary film
- Planetary.org
- PlanetCitizen
S
T
U
W
Media in category "Earth Observations"
The following 200 files are in this category, out of 1,409 total.
(previous page) (next page)
Global Stocktake, the first GST.jpg 800 × 905; 513 KB
Global temperature change 1850-2016.gif 512 × 288; 1.38 MB
Global temperature change 1901-2000.jpg 640 × 508; 47 KB
Global temperature variations over past 200 years.jpg 640 × 360; 29 KB
Global warming June 2024.jpg 640 × 174; 46 KB
GlobalClimateStrike-March15,2019.jpg 600 × 613; 30 KB
GlobalFact conf - 2024.png 600 × 719; 347 KB
Globally-averaged temps thru 2015 via NASA Goddard.gif 480 × 270; 1.76 MB
GND next steps.png 567 × 660; 304 KB
Goce2-537x322.jpg 537 × 322; 80 KB
Good science needs good data .png 579 × 420; 223 KB
Google Earth Engine.png 448 × 165; 45 KB
Google Earth Hello2.png 800 × 375; 863 KB
Google Earth invite-just in time for Earth Day.jpg 395 × 336; 69 KB
Gov. Brown Nov, 25, 2015 letter-page1.png 637 × 614; 612 KB
Gov. Brown Nov, 25, 2015 letter-page2.png 678 × 617; 647 KB
GP360 tagcloud2 m.png 531 × 324; 132 KB
Grace GOCE.png 908 × 385; 655 KB
Great Barrier Reef May 2016 m.png 700 × 196; 170 KB
Great Barrier Reef May 2016.png 771 × 213; 182 KB
Great Barrier Reef severe bleaching die-off.png 704 × 388; 630 KB
Green dragon over Iceland 2015 Belegurshi.jpg 960 × 960; 57 KB
Green earth plasmasphere.JPG 640 × 640; 52 KB
Green Networking @GreenPolicy360.net.png 788 × 604; 764 KB
Green New Deal, work in progress.jpg 800 × 450; 62 KB
Green Quotes - May 2022 - Green360.png 640 × 112; 46 KB
Green Something to Think About.png 480 × 480; 200 KB
Green Wave.png 613 × 405; 427 KB
GreenBook-icon.png 128 × 128; 2 KB
Greenhouse gas levels hit record - Reuters.jpg 600 × 696; 104 KB
Greenland ice sheet 3D.png 989 × 722; 0 bytes
Greenland ice sheet set to raise sea level significantly.png 640 × 340; 223 KB
Greenland.png 842 × 449; 402 KB
GreenPolicy360 - May- 9-2024.png 800 × 406; 119 KB
GreenPolicy360 - May-10-2024.png 790 × 694; 320 KB
Greta - the politics thats needed.jpg 639 × 203; 38 KB
Greta anger into action.png 800 × 419; 528 KB
Greta Looks Back.PNG 504 × 437; 368 KB
Greta outside the Swedish Parliament, August 2018.jpg 680 × 398; 78 KB
Greta Thunberg - Week 203 Climate Strike Banner.png 209 × 127; 51 KB
Greta Thunberg - Week 203 Climate Strike.png 554 × 601; 488 KB
Group on Earth Observations.JPG 546 × 418; 33 KB
Guarding Earths Water - from Space.jpg 578 × 496; 102 KB
Gulf Stream in Critical Danger.pdf ; 181 KB
Haiku poems - Owl against a dusk sky - via Haiku Foundation.png 514 × 413; 144 KB
Haikubox via RM citizen science.png 600 × 640; 466 KB
Hansen testimony WaPo front page.jpg 480 × 210; 40 KB
Hansen-testimony-1988.jpg 350 × 257; 42 KB
Harvest the Rain cover .png 582 × 800; 1.06 MB
Harvest the Rain reviews.png 800 × 879; 306 KB
Hawaiian fires and climate.jpg 600 × 600; 128 KB
Heat hitting billions.png 614 × 690; 509 KB
Heat stress in US may double by end of century.jpg 640 × 503; 107 KB
Heat Wave Asia - April May 2022.png 766 × 132; 25 KB
Hello Florida thanx AstroChris.jpg 1,600 × 900; 415 KB
High Seas Treaty agreement - March 4 2023.png 617 × 498; 53 KB
Himawari 8 launched .png 1,309 × 699; 1.47 MB
Himawari Earth water vapor dynamics.png 768 × 774; 917 KB
Himawari8 3WV 0200 07 JULY2015.GIF 1,280 × 960; 616 KB
Himawari8 animated CIMSS.gif 640 × 481; 3.29 MB
Himawari8 water vapor via CIMSS.gif 1,400 × 1,400; 39.48 MB
Hindu Kush-Himalayas - 2023 Report on Dangerous Climate Impacts.png 800 × 819; 1,023 KB
Historic climate-clean energy vote in US Congress August 12 2022.jpeg 800 × 775; 384 KB
Historic gulf of mexico warm water.png 800 × 306; 148 KB
Historic heat in gulf of mexico.png 800 × 810; 590 KB
Historic photographs - Humble Oil TX - Exxon.png 591 × 596; 548 KB
History of drought in the US Southwest.png 800 × 324; 386 KB
Hot weather and climate change ... in Houston.png 413 × 154; 16 KB
Hotimes.png 514 × 481; 201 KB
Hottest decade on record.jpg 776 × 490; 69 KB
Hourglass-sand-2.jpg 450 × 342; 12 KB
House budget see earth science.jpg 777 × 820; 186 KB
House passes biggest climate investment in U.S. history.png 625 × 480; 114 KB
How Earth Survived - Time Magazine - Sept 2019.jpg 644 × 858; 193 KB
How satellites monitor climate change circa 2016.png 599 × 327; 0 bytes
How thin is earth's atmosphere.jpg 605 × 292; 61 KB
How to Fact Check.png 600 × 766; 384 KB
Huge heat anomaly in 2023 - by Gavin Schmidt.png 735 × 857; 172 KB
Human history, as an 800 page book.jpg 799 × 1,112; 148 KB
Human impact on the environment.png 1,026 × 228; 28 KB
Hurricane Michael October 2018.jpg 600 × 314; 48 KB
Hurricane-Proofing-Home-2024-Miami-Florida.png 658 × 600; 652 KB
Hurricanes - Typhoons via NASA data.png 764 × 924; 1,022 KB
I Am Greta - the Documentary.jpg 387 × 485; 30 KB
I Am Greta Marching.jpg 800 × 534; 80 KB
I dont believe it.png 675 × 315; 50 KB
I've done all I can.png 584 × 101; 19 KB
IEA - Support for Fossil Fuels - re 2021.jpg 559 × 800; 143 KB
IEA energy chart - 2023.jpg 600 × 600; 68 KB
IEA News 1.jpg 480 × 400; 64 KB
IEA News 2.jpg 480 × 475; 55 KB
IEA News 3.jpg 480 × 496; 57 KB
IEA News 4.jpg 480 × 530; 57 KB
IEA News 5.jpg 480 × 539; 62 KB
IFCN Code of Principles.jpg 749 × 766; 155 KB
Image of the Day -- Dec 18, 2014 m.jpg 364 × 442; 23 KB
Image of the Day -- Dec 18, 2014.jpg 575 × 864; 65 KB
In Love with Earth.jpg 328 × 499; 15 KB
In nature, nothing exists alone.jpg 500 × 357; 26 KB
In the Sahara.png 473 × 620; 642 KB
INDC tree.png 401 × 380; 203 KB
INDCs as of Nov28,2015.png 482 × 52; 11 KB
Infinite Wonder by Scott Kelly-1.jpg 800 × 235; 43 KB
Infoamazonia-fires-Aug2019.jpg 800 × 663; 124 KB
Infrastructure Bill and Climate Resilience - A Step Forward.png 640 × 403; 526 KB
International Fact Checking Network - 2021 TW.jpg 600 × 755; 99 KB
Internet Bill of Rights.png 469 × 38; 33 KB
Intertidal Zone.png 800 × 474; 489 KB
Interview w Mayor of South Miami 2.png 749 × 387; 289 KB
Invading Seas warning 2024.png 757 × 587; 669 KB
IPCC Report - Feb 2022.jpg 448 × 291; 113 KB
IPCC report August 9-2021 (1).jpg 745 × 380; 156 KB
IPCC report August 9-2021 (2).jpg 745 × 428; 171 KB
Island.jpg 760 × 506; 185 KB
Isn't it time.jpg 354 × 544; 93 KB
ISS in HD 2015.png 859 × 567; 366 KB
ISS January31,2014 @AstroSamantha.JPG 1,002 × 667; 105 KB
ISS over the horizon 768x432.jpg 768 × 432; 178 KB
ISS sunrise from space.jpg 1,024 × 768; 36 KB
ISS view 2016.png 800 × 400; 165 KB
ISS Workstation cupola.jpg 636 × 423; 65 KB
ISS-Sam (02-23-15).jpg 426 × 640; 89 KB
ISS-sunrise-from-space m.jpg 727 × 435; 24 KB
ISS025E006291viaDougWheelock.jpg 3,246 × 1,937; 715 KB
Iss030e031276.jpg 346 × 521; 29 KB
ISS036-E-35682.jpg 1,092 × 727; 224 KB
Iss040e008179 earth's atmosphere .jpg 638 × 276; 19 KB
Iss042e294596 lrg.jpg 942 × 627; 155 KB
ISS044-E-68968 Sunrise Over New Zealand Aug27,2015.JPG 760 × 506; 18 KB
Iss049e049442-oct27,2016.jpg 700 × 470; 206 KB
ISSmoving 768x432.jpg 768 × 432; 125 KB
It's hot in South Florida - July 2023.jpg 480 × 537; 92 KB
It's Hot the Times UK Says... Act Now or else - July 2022.png 800 × 416; 568 KB
James Hansen 2024.jpg 600 × 658; 110 KB
James Inhofe -- and Project 2025.png 640 × 670; 566 KB
January-May 2020 temp anomaly.jpg 680 × 380; 54 KB
Jason2.jpg 416 × 200; 61 KB
Jerry Brown AGU-Dec14,2016.png 476 × 344; 117 KB
Jerry Brown re EPA - 19 June 2019.jpg 699 × 798; 126 KB
Jerry Brown-Climate Week, NYC, Sept2018.jpg 800 × 534; 242 KB
Jerry Brown-Global Climate Action Summit.png 800 × 453; 900 KB
Jerry-Brown-quote.jpg 800 × 552; 69 KB
Joan and Christiana - April 2022.png 486 × 460; 282 KB
Joe Biden is projected winner Nov7-2020.jpg 343 × 120; 26 KB
John Kerry - Climate Envoy - 2021-09-26.png 640 × 410; 349 KB
John O'Donohue quote.png 358 × 336; 37 KB
Jorge Leon Arellano OPEC-Energy Demand Presentation-CSIS-Dec2016.png 700 × 394; 351 KB
Journey of a Climate Pixel - May 2022.png 800 × 399; 114 KB
July 14, 2018 - hello down there.png 524 × 467; 290 KB
June 2019 - NASA GISS data - hottest on record.jpg 640 × 560; 58 KB
Kamala Harris-GND-Jan 28,2019.png 679 × 609; 243 KB
Katharine Hayhoe - Nov 26, 2019.jpg 508 × 466; 80 KB
Kelp NOAA credit Robert Schwemmer.jpg 450 × 299; 193 KB
Keystone to Enridge - McKibben - June 11, 2021.jpg 512 × 559; 140 KB
KeystoneXL 11-6-2015 12-20-46 PM.png 472 × 47; 5 KB
Kidscelebrateclimatelawsuit.jpg 480 × 319; 52 KB
Kim Cobb - Georgia Tech professor of climate science.jpeg 800 × 533; 87 KB
LA Times - July 2023 on the world's response to the climate crisis-1a.png 800 × 1,011; 657 KB
LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-2.png 800 × 651; 297 KB
LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-3.png 800 × 806; 302 KB
LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-4.png 800 × 896; 321 KB
Lamar accuses March 2017.png 800 × 439; 245 KB
Lamar re science and Trumps truth.png 627 × 607; 206 KB
Lamar Smith Denial Offensive.png 393 × 307; 224 KB
Lamar's science.png 584 × 537; 204 KB
Lamar-smith-press 2015.jpg 640 × 427; 49 KB
Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992.jpg 563 × 480; 144 KB
LANDSAT - NASA.jpg 622 × 415; 95 KB
Landsat 9 about to launch.png 420 × 721; 355 KB
Landsat 9 Launches - 1.jpg 600 × 693; 128 KB
Landsat 9 Launches - 2.jpg 600 × 737; 250 KB
Landsat at AT.png 762 × 598; 972 KB
Landsat band imagery.png 800 × 400; 907 KB
Landsat band imagery2.png 800 × 400; 907 KB
Landsat data site.png 657 × 600; 499 KB
Landsat Image Gallery.jpg 800 × 766; 187 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-1.png 767 × 744; 242 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-2.png 767 × 667; 329 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-3.png 767 × 560; 178 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-4.png 767 × 833; 496 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-5.png 767 × 870; 791 KB
Landsat Imaging the Past-6.png 767 × 735; 385 KB
Landsat launched 50 years ago today.png 528 × 779; 755 KB
Landsat memories.png 535 × 473; 159 KB
Landsat NASA - Feb 11 2023.png 763 × 600; 578 KB
Landsat US collection of maps 1985-2021.png 768 × 775; 1,018 KB
Landsat, a 50 year legacy.png 528 × 575; 288 KB
Landsat-Google Maps Screen Shot 2016-06-17 Columbia Glacier.jpg 1,200 × 587; 312 KB
Launch into Space.jpg 800 × 717; 50 KB
Launching soon.png 657 × 468; 225 KB
LDCs face the climate crisis, raise the alarm - Nov 2021.png 419 × 226; 126 KB
Leah Stokes - UCSB - Prof Climate and Energy Policy.png 640 × 476; 295 KB
Leap Manifesto.png 700 × 153; 306 KB
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.png)
- Aquifers
- Atmosphere
- Biodiversity
- Biosphere
- Citizen Science
- Climate Change
- Climate Policy
- Earth360
- EarthPOV
- Earth Imaging
- Earth Law
- Earth Science
- Earth Science from Space
- Ecology Studies
- Education
- Environmental Full-cost Accounting
- Environmental Protection
- Environmental Security
- Environmental Security, National Security
- Externalities
- Forests
- Global Security
- Global Warming
- Land Ethic
- Maps
- New Definitions of National Security
- New Space
- Oceans
- Peace
- Planet API
- Planet Citizen
- Planet Citizens
- Planet Scientist
- Planet Citizens, Planet Scientists
- Planetary Science
- Rainforest
- Resilience
- Sea-level Rise
- Sea-Level Rise & Mitigation
- Sustainability
- Sustainability Policies
- ThinBlueLayer
- Virtual Earth
- Virtual Planet
- Water
- Whole Earth
- Atmospheric Science
- Biogeosciences
- Cryosphere
- Geology
- Geophysics
- Geophysics and Geochemistry
- Hydrology
- Mineralogy
- Natural Resources
- Ocean Science
- Space Science and Space Physics
- Topic