Category:Soil
<addthis />
- Dirt Just Doesn't Get the Respect It Deserves
“From now until 2060, we’re going to have to produce as much food as we have in the last 500 years.”
The Soil Story by 'Kiss The Ground' (Video)
Soil and the carbon cycle...
Climate 'Bomb' Under Your Feet
·································································
Research Study - Soil and Climate Change: Soil integrates carbon far slower than thought
“This work indicates that soils have a weaker capacity to soak up carbon than we have been assuming over the past few decades,” said UCI Chancellor’s Professor of Earth system science James Randerson, senior author of a new study on the subject to be published Friday in the journal Science. “It means we have to be even more proactive in finding ways to cut emissions of fossil fuels to limit the magnitude and impacts of climate warming.”
“A substantial amount of the greenhouse gas that we thought was being taken up and stored in the soil is actually going to stay in the atmosphere,” said study co-author Steven Allison, UCI associate professor of ecology & evolutionary biology and Earth system science.
·································································
"Dirt", the soil biology that makes agriculture possible
Don't Forget the Earthworms
Earthworms work as biological "pistons" forcing air through the tunnels as they move. Thus earthworm activity aerates and mixes the soil, and is conducive to mineralization of nutrients and their uptake by vegetation. Certain species of earthworm come to the surface and graze on the higher concentrations of organic matter present there, mixing it with the mineral soil. Because a high level of organic matter mixing is associated with soil fertility, an abundance of earthworms is generally considered beneficial by farmers and gardeners.
In fact, as long ago as 1881 Charles Darwin wrote: "It may be doubted whether there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world, as have these lowly organized creatures."
Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity and ecology in soil. Soil life, soil biota, soil fauna, or edaphon is a collective term that encompasses all the organisms that spend a significant portion of their life cycle within a soil profile, or at the soil-litter interface. These organisms include earthworms, nematodes, protozoa, fungi, bacteria and different arthropods. Soil biology plays a vital role in determining many soil characteristics. The decomposition of organic matter by soil organisms has an immense influence on soil fertility, plant growth, soil structure, and carbon storage. As a relatively new science, much remains unknown about soil biology and their effects on soil ecosystems.
The soil is home to a large proportion of the world's biodiversity. The links between soil organisms and soil functions are observed to be incredibly complex. The interconnectedness and complexity of this soil ‘food web’ means any appraisal of soil function must necessarily take into account interactions with the living communities that exist within the soil. We know that soil organisms break down organic matter, making nutrients available for uptake by plants and other organisms. The nutrients stored in the bodies of soil organisms prevent nutrient loss by leaching. Microbial exudates act to maintain soil structure, and earthworms are important in bioturbation. However, we find that we don't understand critical aspects about how these populations function and interact. The discovery of glomalin in 1995 indicates that we lack the knowledge to correctly answer some of the most basic questions about the biogeochemical cycle in soils. We have much work ahead to gain a better understanding of how soil biological components affect us and the biosphere...
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Meet Dr. Elaine Ingham -- Rodale
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Cover Crops: A Farming Revolution with Deep Roots in the Past / NYT - Feb 2016
The practice of seeding fields between harvests not only keeps topsoil in place, it also adds carbon to the soil and helps the beneficial microbes, fungus, bacteria and worms in it thrive...
Cover cropping is used only by a small minority of farmers. When the U.S. Agriculture Department asked for the first time about cover cropping for its 2012 Census of Agriculture report, just 10.3 million acres — out of about 390 million total acres of farmland sown in crops — on 133,124 farms were planted with cover crops. The next census won’t be done until 2017, but experts say that the practice has spread...
“We’ve never seen anything taken up as rapidly as using cover crops,” said Barry Fisher, a soil health specialist at the U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service, an agency within the Agriculture Department.
Modern farming practices like applying fertilizer and herbicides and not tilling their fields, or “no till,” have helped farmers increase yields and reduced labor, but they have also unintentionally interfered with root systems, increased erosion and disrupted underground microbial activity and insect life that are vital to plant and soil health.
Nature Communications:
November 2015
The belowground compartment of ecosystems harbours a tremendous amount of global biodiversity.
Extinction models for belowground organisms are currently unavailable; thus, soil ecologists at the moment have no choice but to generalize the predictions for aboveground biota to their system. Yet, the ecology of belowground biota differs considerably from that of the aboveground organisms that have so far been considered in extinction models — at least with regard to their niche structure which we consider in the following. The most conspicuous difference relates to body size variability which, even without considering belowground microbes, is several orders of magnitude larger in soils. Unlike their aboveground relatives, microbial organisms in soil also represent the base trophic level of their food webs and are responsible for overall ecosystem functioning....
Habitat loss and global change
The extinction ecology for the majority of belowground organisms is thus likely to be quite different from that of the macroorganisms that have been considered so far in the literature. To gain informative insights on extinction susceptibility it is important to first compare the drivers of prospective extinctions belowground with those that have been studied so far in extinction ecology... documented drivers of extinctions are habitat loss and fragmentation.
[S]oil biota play a large role in sustainable ecosystem management.... [We need to] communicate the importance of belowground biota for ecosystem-services sustainability to aboveground extinction ecologists.
○
@GreenPolicy360
○
Soil Science Resources
SoilWeb / US - Google Earth Library
The United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service has compiled detailed soils data for approximately 95 percent of the counties in the United States. The soils data contains information such as the texture, drainage, depth, and chemical characteristics of the soil. This data can be accessed by reviewing hard copy Soil Surveys (which can typically be found at the local library or local NRCS office), or online from the NRCS Web Soil Survey.
○
The 12 soil orders are listed below in the sequence in which they key out in Soil Taxonomy / see international location mapping for each
- Gelisols - soils with permafrost within 2 m of the surface
- Histosols - organic soils
- Spodosols - acid forest soils with a subsurface accumulation of metal-humus complexes
- Andisols - soils formed in volcanic ash
- Oxisols - intensely weathered soils of tropical and subtropical environments
- Vertisols - clayey soils with high shrink/swell capacity
- Aridisols - CaCO3-containing soils of arid environments with subsurface horizon development
- Ultisols - strongly leached soils with a subsurface zone of clay accumulation and <35% base saturation
- Mollisols - grassland soils with high base status
- Alfisols - moderately leached soils with a subsurface zone of clay accumulation and >35% base saturation
- Inceptisols - soils with weakly developed subsurface horizons
- Entisols - soils with little or no morphological development
○
Soil Mapping
Web Soil Survey (WSS) provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world. NRCS has soil maps and data available online for more than 95 percent of the nation’s counties and anticipates having 100 percent in the near future. The site is updated and maintained online as the single authoritative source of soil survey information.
http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/geo/?cid=nrcs142p2_053619
○
Hydro-overlays
The World Hydro Reference Overlay Map service is designed to be used as a base map by scientists, professionals, and researchers in the fields of Hydrology, Geography, Climate, Soils, and other natural sciences. The map features a hydro-centric design based on the amount of water flowing within the drainage network such that symbols of the same size and color represent roughly the same amount of water.
○
Soil Crisis Across the Globe
- "Treating Soil Like Dirt"
We’re treating soil like dirt. It’s a fatal mistake, as our lives depend on it...
by George Monbiot (*GreenPolicy360 'writer-to-follow')
Imagine a wonderful world, a planet on which there was no threat of climate breakdown, no loss of freshwater, no antibiotic resistance, no obesity crisis, no terrorism, no war. Surely, then, we would be out of major danger? Sorry. Even if everything else were miraculously fixed, we’re finished if we don’t address an issue considered so marginal and irrelevant that you can go for months without seeing it in a newspaper.
It’s literally and – it seems – metaphorically, beneath us. To judge by its absence from the media, most journalists consider it unworthy of consideration. But all human life depends on it. We knew this long ago, but somehow it has been forgotten. As a Sanskrit text written in about 1500BC noted: “Upon this handful of soil our survival depends. Husband it and it will grow our food, our fuel and our shelter and surround us with beauty. Abuse it and the soil will collapse and die, taking humanity with it.”
The issue hasn’t changed, but we have. Landowners around the world are now engaged in an orgy of soil destruction so intense that, according to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation, the world on average has just 60 more years of growing crops. Even in Britain, which is spared the tropical downpours that so quickly strip exposed soil from the land, Farmers Weekly reports, we have “only 100 harvests left”.
To keep up with global food demand, the UN estimates, 6m hectares (14.8m acres) of new farmland will be needed every year. Instead, 12m hectares a year are lost through soil degradation. We wreck it, then move on, trashing rainforests and other precious habitats as we go. Soil is an almost magical substance, a living system that transforms the materials it encounters, making them available to plants. That handful the Vedic master showed his disciples contains more micro-organisms than all the people who have ever lived on Earth. Yet we treat it like, well, dirt...
○
Arable land v Non-Arable (Infertile) land
Check the arable land map for your country --
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arable_land
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_fertilitys
Losing the Land, Unsustainable Ag
Loss of Fertile Land Fuels ‘Looming Crisis’ Across Africa
Climate change, soil degradation and rising wealth are shrinking the amount of usable land in Africa. But the number of people who need it is rising fast
○
Only Decades of Farming If Soil Degradation Continues
Generating three centimeters of top soil takes 1,000 years, and if current rates of degradation continue all of the world's top soil could be gone within 60 years...
About a third of the world's soil has already been degraded, Maria-Helena Semedo of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) told a forum marking World Soil Day.
The causes of soil destruction include chemical-heavy farming techniques, deforestation which increases erosion, and global warming. The earth under our feet is too often ignored by policymakers, experts say.
Unless new approaches are adopted, the global amount of arable and productive land per person in 2050 will be only a quarter of the level in 1960, the FAO reported, due to growing populations and soil degradation...
Soils play a key role in absorbing carbon and filtering water, the FAO reported. Soil destruction creates a vicious cycle, in which less carbon is stored, the world gets hotter, and the land is further degraded.
"We are losing 30 soccer fields of soil every minute, mostly due to intensive farming," Volkert Engelsman, an activist with the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements told the forum at the FAO's headquarters in Rome.
"Organic (farming) may not be the only solution but it's the single best (option) I can think of."
○
"Think of soil as an organism"
A broken food system is destroying the soil and fueling health crises as well as conflicts, warns Professor John Crawford of the University of Sydney.
Watch Professor John Crawford / Sustainability and Complex Systems Director --
○
Microbiomes
································
"Soil Depletion"
https://agenda.weforum.org/2012/12/what-if-soil-runs-out/
http://world.time.com/2012/12/14/what-if-the-worlds-soil-runs-out/
Q&A with Professor Crawford
Is soil really in danger of running out?
A rough calculation of current rates of soil degradation suggests we have about 60 years of topsoil left. Some 40% of soil used for agriculture around the world is classed as either degraded or seriously degraded – the latter means that 70% of the topsoil, the layer allowing plants to grow, is gone. Because of various farming methods that strip the soil of carbon and make it less robust as well as weaker in nutrients, soil is being lost at between 10 and 40 times the rate at which it can be naturally replenished. Even the well-maintained farming land in Europe, which may look idyllic, is being lost at unsustainable rates...
Agriculture accounts for 70% of our fresh water use: we pour most of our water straight onto the ground. If soil is not fit for purpose, that water will be wasted, because it washes right through degraded soil and past the root system. Given the enormous potential for conflict over water in the next 20-30 years, you don’t want to exacerbate things by continuing to damage the soil, which is exactly what’s happening now.
How does soil erosion happen?
Soil is a living material: if you hold a handful of soil, there will be more microorganisms in there than the number of people who have ever lived on the planet. These microbes recycle organic material, which underpins the cycle of life on Earth, and also engineer the soil on a tiny level to make it more resilient and better at holding onto water. Microbes need carbon for food, but carbon is being lost from the soil in a number of ways.
Simply put, we take too much from the soil and don’t put enough back. Whereas the classic approach would have been to leave stubble in the field after harvest, this is now often being burned off, which can make it easier to grow the next crop; or it’s being removed and used for animal feed. Second, carbon is lost by too much disturbance of the soil by over-ploughing and by the misuse of certain fertilizers. And the third problem is overgrazing. If there are too many animals, they eat all the plant growth, and one of the most important ways of getting carbon into the soil is through photosynthesis.
What happens if this isn’t addressed?
There are two key issues. One is the loss of soil productivity. Under a business-as-usual scenario, degraded soil will mean that we will produce 30% less food over the next 20-50 years. This is against a background of projected demand requiring us to grow 50% more food, as the population grows and wealthier people in countries like China and India eat more meat, which takes more land to produce weight-for-weight than, say, rice.
Second, water will reach a crisis point. This issue is already causing conflicts in India, China, Pakistan and the Middle East. Before climate change and food security really hit, the next wars are likely to be fought over unsustainable irrigation. Even moderately degraded soil will hold less than half of the water held by healthy soil in the same location. If you’re irrigating a crop, you need water to stay in the soil close to the plant roots. However, a staggering paper was published recently indicating that nearly half of the sea level rise since 1960 is due to irrigation water flowing straight past the crops and washing out to sea.
Who will be impacted the most?
Soil erosion is most serious in China, Africa, India and parts of South America. If the food supply goes down, then, obviously, the price goes up. The crisis points will hit the poorest countries hardest...
○
Soil and Water: An Overview of the US
- The US Southwest Has Serious Water-Soil Problems -- and the Ogallala Is in Danger
- http://research.msu.edu/tag/ogallala-aquifer/
- http://research.msu.edu/saving-the-great-plains-water-supply-2/
- Large areas of the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the most important sources of water for agricultural crops in the United States, are at risk of drying up if the aquifer continues to be drained at its current rate.
- The Ogallala, also known as the High Plains Aquifer (HPA), spans from Texas to South Dakota and provides water to grow $35 billion in crops each year. However, since the 1950s, when high-volume pumping began, the HPA’s saturated volume has declined by roughly the volume of Lake Erie...
○
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, water levels across most of the Ogallala have fallen at least five feet since farmers began irrigating the Great Plains in the 1940s. Almost one-fifth of the area has dropped at least 25 feet, while 11% has lost 50 feet or more.
○
Aquifer Depletion, Drought -- Soil, Organic Impacts and Loss
http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Aquifers
Aquifer depletion worldwide mapping
Depletion & Runoff Pollution
○
Subcategories
This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total.
Pages in category "Soil"
The following 46 pages are in this category, out of 46 total.
C
E
P
T
Media in category "Soil"
The following 200 files are in this category, out of 429 total.
(previous page) (next page)- Greta Thunberg - Week 203 Climate Strike Banner.png 209 × 127; 51 KB
- Greta Thunberg - Week 203 Climate Strike.png 554 × 601; 488 KB
- Group on Earth Observations.JPG 546 × 418; 33 KB
- Healthy-soil.jpg 930 × 325; 97 KB
- Heat hitting billions.png 614 × 690; 509 KB
- Heat Wave Asia - April May 2022.png 766 × 132; 25 KB
- Hindu Kush-Himalayas - 2023 Report on Dangerous Climate Impacts.png 800 × 819; 1,023 KB
- Historic climate-clean energy vote in US Congress August 12 2022.jpeg 800 × 775; 384 KB
- Historic photographs - Humble Oil TX - Exxon.png 591 × 596; 548 KB
- History of drought in the US Southwest.png 800 × 324; 386 KB
- Hot weather and climate change ... in Houston.png 413 × 154; 16 KB
- House passes biggest climate investment in U.S. history.png 625 × 480; 114 KB
- Huge heat anomaly in 2023 - by Gavin Schmidt.png 735 × 857; 172 KB
- Hurricane-Proofing-Home-2024-Miami-Florida.png 658 × 600; 652 KB
- I Am Greta - the Documentary.jpg 387 × 485; 30 KB
- I Am Greta Marching.jpg 800 × 534; 80 KB
- IEA - Support for Fossil Fuels - re 2021.jpg 559 × 800; 143 KB
- IEA News 1.jpg 480 × 400; 64 KB
- IEA News 2.jpg 480 × 475; 55 KB
- IEA News 3.jpg 480 × 496; 57 KB
- IEA News 4.jpg 480 × 530; 57 KB
- IEA News 5.jpg 480 × 539; 62 KB
- In nature, nothing exists alone.jpg 500 × 357; 26 KB
- INaturalist butterfly.jpg 1,024 × 683; 202 KB
- Infrastructure Bill and Climate Resilience - A Step Forward.png 640 × 403; 526 KB
- IPCC Report - Feb 2022.jpg 448 × 291; 113 KB
- IPCC report August 9-2021 (1).jpg 745 × 380; 156 KB
- IPCC report August 9-2021 (2).jpg 745 × 428; 171 KB
- It's Hot the Times UK Says... Act Now or else - July 2022.png 800 × 416; 568 KB
- James Hansen 2024.jpg 600 × 658; 110 KB
- James Inhofe -- and Project 2025.png 640 × 670; 566 KB
- January-May 2020 temp anomaly.jpg 680 × 380; 54 KB
- John Kerry - Climate Envoy - 2021-09-26.png 640 × 410; 349 KB
- Journey of a Climate Pixel - May 2022.png 800 × 399; 114 KB
- June 2019 - NASA GISS data - hottest on record.jpg 640 × 560; 58 KB
- Katharine Hayhoe - Nov 26, 2019.jpg 508 × 466; 80 KB
- Kenny Ausubel quote.jpeg 415 × 163; 46 KB
- Kim Cobb - Georgia Tech professor of climate science.jpeg 800 × 533; 87 KB
- LA Times - July 2023 on the world's response to the climate crisis-1a.png 800 × 1,011; 657 KB
- LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-2.png 800 × 651; 297 KB
- LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-3.png 800 × 806; 302 KB
- LA Times on the world's response to the climate crisis-4.png 800 × 896; 321 KB
- Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992.jpg 563 × 480; 144 KB
- Landsat 9 about to launch.png 420 × 721; 355 KB
- Landsat 9 Launches - 1.jpg 600 × 693; 128 KB
- Landsat 9 Launches - 2.jpg 600 × 737; 250 KB
- Landsat band imagery2.png 800 × 400; 907 KB
- Landsat data site.png 657 × 600; 499 KB
- Landsat launched 50 years ago today.png 528 × 779; 755 KB
- Landsat memories.png 535 × 473; 159 KB
- Landsat NASA - Feb 11 2023.png 763 × 600; 578 KB
- Landsat US collection of maps 1985-2021.png 768 × 775; 1,018 KB
- Landsat, a 50 year legacy.png 528 × 575; 288 KB
- LDCs face the climate crisis, raise the alarm - Nov 2021.png 419 × 226; 126 KB
- Living Diversity or Not in Your Home Yard.png 436 × 640; 582 KB
- Living Earth.png 441 × 183; 106 KB
- LMDCs make their case at the Glasgow climate summit.png 427 × 480; 259 KB
- Loss of N American Birds - 1.jpg 800 × 788; 173 KB
- Manchin kills the Biden climate plan.jpg 800 × 438; 71 KB
- Manchin News - Dec 20 2021.png 600 × 588; 307 KB
- Manchin News 2 - Dec 20 2021.png 600 × 600; 329 KB
- Mapping changes in global temperature 1850-2022.png 656 × 680; 180 KB
- Mascot for Glasgow intl climate conference.jpg 575 × 396; 76 KB
- McKibben re Manchin - Dec 2021.png 370 × 368; 261 KB
- McKibben reaction to Manchin blocking Biden's climate plan.png 640 × 423; 140 KB
- Methane cuts pledge - COP27.png 399 × 336; 164 KB
- Methane emissions to be cut - COP26 pledges.png 640 × 464; 140 KB
- Methane Reduction proposal passes in EU Parliament - May 2023.png 620 × 600; 552 KB
- MethaneSat - 1.jpg 350 × 336; 58 KB
- MethaneSat - 2.PNG 448 × 336; 172 KB
- MethaneSat - 3.PNG 448 × 303; 248 KB
- Methods to enforce climate pledges-NDCs - Dec 2021.png 539 × 480; 333 KB
- Michael Mann - Susan Joy Hassol after Glasgow.jpg 460 × 1,616; 299 KB
- MLT Geospace - the Edge.jpg 800 × 600; 22 KB
- Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Satellite Missions 2021-2030.png 801 × 386; 143 KB
- Muir... Walk a dirt road.jpg 446 × 640; 61 KB
- Mulvaney says no lifestyle change.jpg 561 × 779; 128 KB
- Mushroom life in the forest.png 640 × 458; 626 KB
- Mushrooms collected on a salish walk by jill bliss.jpg 600 × 600; 143 KB
- Mysterious circles around the world.png 733 × 600; 655 KB
- NASA Launch of Landsat 9 - Sept 27, 2021.jpg 675 × 772; 131 KB
- NASA test mission to protect earth from asteroid - Nov 2021.png 508 × 800; 424 KB
- NASA's continuing vision and mission - as of 2005.png 640 × 414; 153 KB
- National Climate Pledges Must Be Enforced.png 800 × 520; 122 KB
- National Climate Task Force - first mtg Feb 11 2021.jpg 591 × 654; 144 KB
- Natural Capital Biodiversity.png 670 × 139; 173 KB
- NDC Tracker - 2020.jpg 800 × 340; 50 KB
- Netherlands agriculture - Outstanding results globally.jpg 680 × 674; 77 KB
- New Climate Maps for US - 2020.jpg 800 × 169; 34 KB
- New Climate Maps for US.jpg 677 × 405; 47 KB
- New German government announces far reaching climate plans.png 632 × 600; 446 KB
- New Mexico drought - climate change.png 538 × 480; 337 KB
- New Species Discovered-2018.png 800 × 212; 508 KB
- NOAA - NCEI report on US temps 2023-2024.jpg 600 × 561; 109 KB
- NOAA Climate.Gov.png 589 × 99; 7 KB
- NOAA extreme weather events charting.png 663 × 600; 288 KB
- NOAA report on heat records broken in US - 2023.jpg 600 × 480; 229 KB
- NOAA undergoes political changes - Oct 2020.jpg 800 × 719; 135 KB
- Nobel Prize 2021.jpg 551 × 473; 212 KB
- North America West Coast hot - Aug 2023.png 484 × 501; 308 KB
- NYT - Nov 1 - Day 1 headlines from Glasgow Climate Summit.png 600 × 800; 103 KB
- Oct 21, 2021 - On Eve of International Climate Summit.jpg 733 × 466; 119 KB
- Oil gas climate change response plans - circa 2022.png 729 × 837; 335 KB
- Oil profits and US gas prices.png 378 × 336; 163 KB
- On the heat beat... NYT reporting-June 21 2024.png 613 × 649; 147 KB
- Organic-chart-Jan-2016.pdf ; 136 KB
- Our Biggest Experiment - by Alice Bell.jpg 333 × 499; 40 KB
- Our Fragile Moment.jpg 612 × 480; 80 KB
- Our Fragile Moment.png 301 × 448; 360 KB
- PACE - NASA Everything on Earth Is Connected.png 600 × 264; 70 KB
- PACE - NASA Jan 17 2024.png 600 × 662; 465 KB
- PBS NOVA on climate change resiliency.jpg 497 × 679; 122 KB
- Per capita CO2 emissions - to 2020.png 640 × 442; 153 KB
- Permaculture-observation tip.jpg 480 × 540; 86 KB
- Permadesign.jpg 800 × 590; 123 KB
- Permafrost.jpg 500 × 342; 58 KB
- PFAS - 1.png 640 × 335; 177 KB
- PFAS - 2.png 800 × 858; 744 KB
- Picturing Earth from the International Space Station.jpg 800 × 470; 112 KB
- Planet Dove satellite image over Dubai.png 800 × 791; 1.58 MB
- Planet Earth temperature taking - a recent history.png 800 × 584; 618 KB
- Planet home page-2022.png 800 × 400; 392 KB
- Planet Labs Two Doves March2015.png 768 × 432; 239 KB
- Planet Plan B - for Senator Manchin.jpg 640 × 361; 89 KB
- PlanetLabs AZ Irrigation fields-m.jpg 684 × 513; 0 bytes
- Production Gap - productiongap.org.png 600 × 762; 225 KB
- Production Gap - UN report on fossil fuel production.png 600 × 664; 342 KB
- Race to Zero - circa January 2022.png 480 × 591; 138 KB
- RacetoZero - Dec 2020 UNFCCC.jpg 585 × 518; 95 KB
- Rain Garden Design courtesy of www.PermaDesign.com Nate Downey.png 800 × 614; 601 KB
- RainBarrels UNM.jpg 450 × 224; 53 KB
- Recent Satellite Imagery of Earth - via Azavea.png 600 × 747; 488 KB
- Record shattering heat - 5 nations 2019-2023.jpeg 577 × 640; 79 KB
- Record tumble - climate change.png 727 × 333; 27 KB
- Regenerative Ag - Kiss the Ground - The Secret is in the Soil.png 800 × 800; 1.07 MB
- Republican Party 2024 Climate Strategy.png 589 × 344; 44 KB
- River basins - watersheds.jpg 800 × 214; 111 KB
- Saudi Arabia and Middle East - Hot in May 2024.png 640 × 410; 506 KB
- School strike for climate countries.png 800 × 411; 106 KB
- Science & Solutions - 2020 - Project Drawdown - NCSE Conf.jpg 800 × 351; 56 KB
- Science & Solutions - 2020 - Project Drawdown - NCSE.jpg 800 × 261; 66 KB
- SCOTUS EPA decision - June 30 2022.jpg 794 × 778; 168 KB
- Seed-monopoly-consolidation-chart-2018.jpg 800 × 533; 318 KB
- Seeds of Change, published 1994.png 628 × 763; 915 KB
- Seeds of Change.jpg 260 × 346; 27 KB
- Seeds, time lapse.png 800 × 428; 297 KB
- Shell lawsuit Feb 2023.png 768 × 534; 229 KB
- Short Circuiting Policy - by Leah Stokes.jpg 595 × 423; 94 KB
- Sixth Mass Extinction infograph-NYT.jpg 1,626 × 2,220; 1.37 MB
- Slash emission now or face climate disaster.jpg 800 × 579; 94 KB
- Soil and mycelium mycorrhizal fungi network threads.png 600 × 800; 699 KB
- Soil biodiversity.jpg 650 × 409; 230 KB
- Soil is the root stuff.jpg 483 × 960; 97 KB
- Soil Story AnnotatedScript 2015.pdf ; 391 KB
- Soil Underground Life -1.jpg 750 × 600; 288 KB
- Solar panel price - 1976-2019.png 596 × 612; 92 KB
- SolarAqua Grid 2021.jpg 640 × 331; 116 KB
- State of the paris agreement nov2019.jpg 800 × 570; 178 KB
- StratDem Strategic Demands.png 768 × 1,024; 626 KB
- Strike - Sept 20.jpg 754 × 754; 44 KB
- SunriseBmore March 1, 2021.jpg 593 × 622; 187 KB
- Supreme Court decision on GHG emission cost metric - May 2022.png 640 × 442; 419 KB
- Sustainable agriculture.jpg 960 × 360; 247 KB
- Telling stories of solutions for the climate crisis.jpg 600 × 640; 121 KB
- Temperature - SST World via Climate Change Institute - 2023 chart.png 800 × 509; 144 KB
- Temperature World - chart via Climate Change Institute.jpg 800 × 509; 67 KB
- Temperatures New Normal is Not Normal.jpg 582 × 461; 56 KB
- The Climate Dictionary - as of 2023.png 600 × 727; 200 KB
- The New Climate War - Irish Times review 2021.jpg 792 × 2,048; 373 KB
- They Knew.jpg 287 × 428; 31 KB
- Thin Blue difference - approx 12 miles high.jpg 527 × 229; 37 KB
- Thin Blue difference.jpg 527 × 673; 147 KB
- Time for a Planet Update - Oct 31 2021.png 722 × 600; 852 KB
- Time Nov 10 2022 COP27.jpg 600 × 600; 92 KB
- Timeline-climate-change-history-485-million years.jpg 800 × 276; 42 KB
- Tipping Points - 2020.jpg 680 × 453; 65 KB
- To a layer of topsoil MN-SD.jpg 960 × 540; 61 KB
- Toby Hemenway-RIP Dec2016.png 503 × 327; 32 KB
- Toles - Dali - Climate.jpg 449 × 407; 51 KB
- Too Hot - FT.png 600 × 651; 220 KB
- Too Hot in India - Apr 2022.png 560 × 480; 120 KB
- Too Hot in US - 2.png 800 × 221; 124 KB
- Too Hot July 17 2023.png 640 × 439; 162 KB
- Too Hot US June 2022.png 695 × 543; 483 KB
- Too Hot, a new heat record - Nov 18 2023.png 788 × 680; 680 KB
- Toward the Hothouse.png 800 × 337; 160 KB
- Tree of Life nmicrobiol201648-f1 via Nature.jpg 695 × 833; 98 KB
- Trump promise to oil ceo gathering - 1.png 440 × 108; 19 KB
- Trump promise to oil ceo gathering - 2.png 480 × 495; 291 KB
- Trump promise to oil ceo gathering - 3.png 480 × 284; 270 KB
- Trump promise to oil ceo gathering - 4.png 480 × 480; 333 KB
- UN - Tipping Point for Climate Action.png 690 × 600; 601 KB