Water Cycle

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The Large Water Cycle and the Small Water Cycle

Chapter 2 -- SMALL WATER CYCLE. Also known as the Daily Water Cycle.

When an average is taken of precipitation landing on all Terrestrial surfaces of the earth, it equates to 720mm per annum.

Divided into large and small or daily cycles we find that 310mm, from the large cycle has its origins from ocean evaporation.

The remaining 410mm per annum is water utilised by plants for metabolism and expressed as transpiration. This process is the landscapes air-conditioning system and is how plants process thermal heat.

Small or Daily Water Cycles may be recycled 5 to 6 time before leaving the terrestrial environments for the large water cycle.

The Biotic Pump Principle considers the release of heat a night, by water vapour Transpired daily as responsible for drawing further water from the surrounding atmosphere towards where water vapour condenses back as dew.

• Note: Removal of plants 'debits' the small water cycle and is the main contributing factor accelerating Desertification.

• Tag - Permaculture http://www.greenpolicy360.net/w/Permaculture_Green_Practices

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Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm

THE REASON FOR THE FORMULATION AND THE MISSION OF THE NEW WATER PARADIGM (2007)

CONTENTS

1 THE REASON FOR THE FORMULATION AND THE MISSION OF THE NEW WATER PARADIGM

2 WATER AND ITS CIRCULATION IN NATURE

2.1 The four "environments" of water

Water and thermal energy

The large water cycle The small water cycle

The balance of the water cycle

3 THE ROLE OF PLANTS IN THE CIRCULATION OF WATER AND IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOLAR ENERGY

4 THE IMPACT OF THE EXPLOITATION OF LAND ON THE CIRCULATION OF WATER

5 THE CONSEQUENCES OF A DECREASE IN THE WATER OF THE SMALL WATER CYCLE

6 THE OLD AND THE NEW WATER PARADIGM7 INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE USE OF RAINWATER

8 CLOSING SUMMARY

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Things should be made as simple as possible, but not any simpler.

-- Albert Einstein

[Ed: Paraphrased from Oxford Lecture, 10 June 1933" "It can scarcely be denied that the supreme goal of all theory is to make the irreducible basic elements as simple and as few as possible without having to surrender the adequate representation of a single datum of experience."]

THE REASON FOR THE FORMULATION AND THE MISSION OF THE NEW WATER PARADIGM

By the expression "paradigm" we understand a set of suppositions, concepts and attitudes of a group of scientists in regards to a particular scientific problem.

The term in this spirit is associated particularly with the name of Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996), a professor of philosophy and history of science. Professor Kuhn dates the beginnings of his theory of scientific revolution to the time when he was preparing his doctoral dissertation. At that time he read Aristotle's Physics, which was, until the time of Isaac Newton, the most authoritative work in the field. Kuhn was shocked by Aristotle's dissimilarity to Newton and by his seemingly incorrect, even incomprehensible logic. However, when he was able to adopt a different method of looking at Aristotle and some of his basic concepts, the book suddenly began to make real sense to him.

Kuhn observed with surprise that the term "motion," unlike that of Newton's (and his own) understanding, means in Aristotle's physics not only a change in the position of the object being investigated, but also other changes, such as growth, a change in temperature, healing processes and the like.

Just as Kuhn needed to free his mind of conventional ideas in order to understand Aristotle, an understanding of the work presented here may also require a certain distancing from some current popular theories and ways of perception.

When, for example, this work speaks about water, so long as it is not specified otherwise, it means not only the water in rivers and in lakes which we can see, but also water in all of its states, forms and occurrences. Water vapor and clouds in the atmosphere are more than only poetic reflections of water in the ground and in open reservoirs. Water in living organisms, particularly in plants, is likewise the subject of our attention...

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